#!/usr/pkg/bin/perl -w
# Copyright © 2005-2023 Jamie Zawinski <jwz@jwz.org>
#
# Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software and its
# documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that
# the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that
# copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting
# documentation.  No representations are made about the suitability of this
# software for any purpose.  It is provided "as is" without express or 
# implied warranty.
#
# This program writes some text to stdout, based on preferences in the
# .xscreensaver file.  It may load a file, a URL, run a program, or just
# print the date.
#
# In a native MacOS build of xscreensaver, this script is included in
# the Contents/Resources/ directory of each screen saver .bundle that
# uses it; and in that case, it looks up its resources using
# /usr/bin/defaults instead.
#
# Created: 19-Mar-2005.

require 5;
#use diagnostics;	# Fails on some MacOS 10.5 systems
use strict;

use POSIX qw(strftime);

# Some Linux systems don't install LWP by default!
# Only error out if we're actually loading a URL instead of local data.
BEGIN { eval 'use LWP::UserAgent;' }

# Not sure how prevalent this is. Hope it's part of the default install.
BEGIN { eval 'use HTML::Entities;' }

# I think this is part of the default install, but just in case.
BEGIN { eval 'use Text::Wrap qw(wrap);' }


my $progname = $0; $progname =~ s@.*/@@g;
my ($version) = ('$Revision: 1.70 $' =~ m/\s(\d[.\d]+)\s/s);

my $verbose = 0;
my $http_proxy = undef;

my $config_file = $ENV{HOME} . "/.xscreensaver";
my $text_mode     = 'date';
my $text_literal  = '';
my $text_file     = '';
my $text_program  = '';
my $text_url      = 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:NewPages&feed=rss';
# Default URL needs to be set and match what's in OSX/XScreenSaverView.m

my $wrap_columns   = undef;
my $truncate_lines = undef;
my $latin1_p = 0;
my $nyarlathotep_p = 0;


# Convert any HTML entities to Latin1 characters.
#
sub de_entify($) {
  my ($text) = @_;

  return '' unless defined($text);
  return $text unless ($text =~ m/&/s);

  # Convert any HTML entities to Unicode characters,
  # if the HTML::Entities module is installed.
  eval {
    my $t2 = $text;
    $text = undef;
    $text = HTML::Entities::decode_entities ($t2);
  };
  return $text if defined($text);

  # If it's not installed, just complain instead of trying to halfass it.
  print STDOUT ("\n\tPerl is broken. Do this to repair it:\n" .
                "\n\tsudo cpan HTML::Entities\n\n");
  exit (1);
}


# Convert any Unicode characters to Latin1 if possible.
# Unconvertable bytes are left alone.
#
sub utf8_to_latin1($) {
  my ($text) = @_;

  utf8::encode ($text);  # Unpack Unicode back to multi-byte UTF-8.

  # Maybe it would be better to handle this in the Unicode domain
  # by doing things like s/\x{2018}/\"/g, but without decoding the
  # string back to UTF-8 first, I'm at a loss as to how to have
  # "&aacute;" print as "\340" instead of as "\303\240".

  $text =~ s/ \xC2 ( [\xA0-\xFF] ) / $1 /gsex;
  $text =~ s/ \xC3 ( [\x80-\xFF] ) / chr (ord($1) | 0x40) /gsex;

  # Handles a few 3-byte sequences too.
  $text =~ s/\xE2\x80\x93/--/gs;
  $text =~ s/\xE2\x80\x94/--/gs;
  $text =~ s/\xE2\x80\x98/`/gs;
  $text =~ s/\xE2\x80\x99/'/gs;
  $text =~ s/\xE2\x80\x9C/``/gs;
  $text =~ s/\xE2\x80\x9D/'/gs;
  $text =~ s/\xE2\x80\xA2/&bull;/gs;
  $text =~ s/\xE2\x80\xA6/.../gs;
  $text =~ s/\xE2\x80\xB2/'/gs;
  $text =~ s/\xE2\x84\xA2/&trade;/gs;
  $text =~ s/\xE2\x86\x90/ &larr; /gs;

  return $text;
}


# Reads the prefs we use from ~/.xscreensaver
#
sub get_x11_prefs() {
  my $got_any_p = 0;

  if (open (my $in, '<', $config_file)) {
    print STDERR "$progname: reading $config_file\n" if ($verbose > 1);
    local $/ = undef;  # read entire file
    my $body = <$in>;
    close $in;
    $got_any_p = get_x11_prefs_1 ($body);

  } elsif ($verbose > 1) {
    print STDERR "$progname: $config_file: $!\n";
  }

  if (! $got_any_p && defined ($ENV{DISPLAY})) {
    # We weren't able to read settings from the .xscreensaver file.
    # Fall back to any settings in the X resource database
    # (/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/app-defaults/XScreenSaver)
    #
    print STDERR "$progname: reading X resources\n" if ($verbose > 1);
    my $body = `appres XScreenSaver xscreensaver -1`;
    $got_any_p = get_x11_prefs_1 ($body);
  }

  if ($verbose > 1) {
    print STDERR "$progname: mode:    $text_mode\n";
    print STDERR "$progname: literal: $text_literal\n";
    print STDERR "$progname: file:    $text_file\n";
    print STDERR "$progname: program: $text_program\n";
    print STDERR "$progname: url:     $text_url\n";
  }

  $text_mode =~ tr/A-Z/a-z/;
  $text_literal =~ s@\\n@\n@gs;
  $text_literal =~ s@\\\n@\n@gs;
}


sub get_x11_prefs_1($) {
  my ($body) = @_;

  my $got_any_p = 0;
  $body =~ s@\\\n@@gs;
  $body =~ s@^[ \t]*#[^\n]*$@@gm;

  if ($body =~ m/^[.*]*textMode:[ \t]*([^\s]+)\s*$/im) {
    $text_mode = $1;
    $got_any_p = 1;
  }
  if ($body =~ m/^[.*]*textLiteral:[ \t]*(.*?)[ \t]*$/im) {
    $text_literal = $1;
  }
  if ($body =~ m/^[.*]*textFile:[ \t]*(.*?)[ \t]*$/im) {
    $text_file = $1;
  }
  if ($body =~ m/^[.*]*textProgram:[ \t]*(.*?)[ \t]*$/im) {
    $text_program = $1;
  }
  if ($body =~ m/^[.*]*textURL:[ \t]*(.*?)[ \t]*$/im) {
    $text_url = $1;
  }

  return $got_any_p;
}


sub get_cocoa_prefs($) {
  my ($id) = @_;
  my $v;
 
  print STDERR "$progname: reading Cocoa prefs: \"$id\"\n" if ($verbose > 1);

  $v = get_cocoa_pref_1 ($id, "textMode");
  $text_mode = $v if defined ($v);

  # The "textMode" pref is set to a number instead of a string because I
  # couldn't figure out the black magic to make Cocoa bindings work right.
  #
  # Update: as of 5.33, Cocoa writes strings instead of numbers, but 
  # pre-existing saved preferences might still have numbers in them.
  #
  if    ($text_mode eq '0') { $text_mode = 'date';    }
  elsif ($text_mode eq '1') { $text_mode = 'literal'; }
  elsif ($text_mode eq '2') { $text_mode = 'file';    }
  elsif ($text_mode eq '3') { $text_mode = 'url';     }
  elsif ($text_mode eq '4') { $text_mode = 'program'; }

  $v = get_cocoa_pref_1 ($id, "textLiteral");
  $text_literal = $v if defined ($v);
  $text_literal =~ s@\\n@\n@gs;
  $text_literal =~ s@\\\n@\n@gs;

  $v = get_cocoa_pref_1 ($id, "textFile");
  $text_file = $v if defined ($v);

  $v = get_cocoa_pref_1 ($id, "textProgram");
  $text_program = $v if defined ($v);

  $v = get_cocoa_pref_1 ($id, "textURL");
  $text_url = $v if defined ($v);
}


sub get_cocoa_pref_1($$) {
  my ($id, $key) = @_;
  # make sure there's nothing stupid/malicious in either string.
  $id  =~ s/[^-a-z\d. ]/_/gsi;
  $key =~ s/[^-a-z\d. ]/_/gsi;
  my $cmd = "defaults -currentHost read \"$id\" \"$key\"";

  print STDERR "$progname: executing $cmd\n"
    if ($verbose > 3);

  my $val = `$cmd 2>/dev/null`;
  $val =~ s/^\s+//s;
  $val =~ s/\s+$//s;

  print STDERR "$progname: Cocoa: $id $key = \"$val\"\n"
    if ($verbose > 2);

  $val = undef if ($val =~ m/^$/s);

  return $val;
}


# like system() but checks errors.
#
sub safe_system(@) {
  my (@cmd) = @_;

  print STDERR "$progname: executing " . join(' ', @cmd) . "\n"
    if ($verbose > 3);

  system @cmd;
  my $exit_value  = $? >> 8;
  my $signal_num  = $? & 127;
  my $dumped_core = $? & 128;
  error ("$cmd[0]: core dumped!") if ($dumped_core);
  error ("$cmd[0]: signal $signal_num!") if ($signal_num);
  error ("$cmd[0]: exited with $exit_value!") if ($exit_value);
}


sub which($) {
  my ($cmd) = @_;

  if ($cmd =~ m@^\./|^/@) {
    error ("cannot execute $cmd") unless (-x $cmd);
    return $cmd;
  }
 
 foreach my $dir (split (/:/, $ENV{PATH})) {
    my $cmd2 = "$dir/$cmd";
    print STDERR "$progname:   checking $cmd2\n" if ($verbose > 3);
    return $cmd2 if (-x "$cmd2");
  }
  error ("$cmd not found on \$PATH");
}


sub output() {

  binmode (STDOUT, ($latin1_p ? ':raw' : ':utf8'));
  binmode (STDERR, ':utf8');

  # Do some basic sanity checking (null text, null file names, etc.)
  #
  if (($text_mode eq 'literal' && $text_literal =~ m/^\s*$/i) ||
      ($text_mode eq 'file'    && $text_file    =~ m/^\s*$/i) ||
      ($text_mode eq 'program' && $text_program =~ m/^\s*$/i) ||
      ($text_mode eq 'url'     && $text_url     =~ m/^\s*$/i)) {
    print STDERR "$progname: falling back to 'date'\n" if ($verbose);
    $text_mode = 'date';
  }

  if ($text_mode eq 'literal') {
    $text_literal = strftime ($text_literal, localtime);
    $text_literal = utf8_to_latin1($text_literal) if ($latin1_p);
    $text_literal =~ y/A-Za-z/N-ZA-Mn-za-m/ if ($nyarlathotep_p);
    print STDOUT $text_literal;
    print STDOUT "\n" unless ($text_literal =~ m/\n$/s);

  } elsif ($text_mode eq 'file') {

    $text_file =~ s@^~/@$ENV{HOME}/@s;     # allow literal "~/"

    if (open (my $in, '<:raw', $text_file)) {
      print STDERR "$progname: reading $text_file\n" if ($verbose);
      binmode (STDOUT, ':raw');

      if (($wrap_columns && $wrap_columns > 0) || $truncate_lines) {
        # read it, then reformat it.
        local $/ = undef;  # read entire file
        my $body = <$in>;
        $body = reformat_text ($body);
        print STDOUT $body;
      } else {
        # stream it by lines
        while (<$in>) { 
          $_ = utf8_to_latin1($_) if ($latin1_p);
          y/A-Za-z/N-ZA-Mn-za-m/ if ($nyarlathotep_p);
          print STDOUT $_;
        }
      }
      close $in;
    } else {
      error ("$text_file: $!");
    }

  } elsif ($text_mode eq 'program') {

    my ($prog, $args) = ($text_program =~ m/^([^\s]+)(.*)$/);
    $text_program = which ($prog) . $args;
    print STDERR "$progname: running $text_program\n" if ($verbose);

    if (($wrap_columns && $wrap_columns > 0) || $truncate_lines) {
      # read it, then reformat it.
      my $lines = 0;
      my $body = "";
      my $cmd = "( $text_program ) 2>&1";
      # $cmd .= " | sed -l"; # line buffer instead of 4k pipe buffer
      open (my $pipe, '-|:unix', $cmd);
      while (my $line = <$pipe>) {
        $body .= $line;
        $lines++;
        last if ($truncate_lines && $lines > $truncate_lines);
      }
      close $pipe;

      # I don't understand why we must do this here, but must not do this
      # in the 'file' branch above, which reads the file with :raw...
      utf8::decode ($body);  # Pack multi-byte UTF-8 back into wide chars.

      $body = reformat_text ($body);
      print STDOUT $body;
    } else {
      # stream it
      safe_system ("$text_program");
    }

  } elsif ($text_mode eq 'url') {

    get_url_text ($text_url);

  } else { # $text_mode eq 'date'

    my $body = '';

    my $n = `uname -n`;
    $n =~ s/\.local\n/\n/s;
    $body .= $n;

    my $unamep = 1;

    # The following code makes an effort to figure out the version of the
    # OS / distribution, and a one-line summary of the hardware.  We can
    # easily get the kernel version from uname, but the kernel version has
    # no relevance to anyone's life.  The userspace version is what matters.
    #
    # In a truly shocking turn of events, nearly every distro uses a different
    # file to identify itself.  Are you shocked?  I for one am shocked.

    $ENV{LC_NUMERIC} = 'C';   # Decimals with periods, not commas, plz.

    if (open (my $in, "<:utf8", "/etc/os-release")) {
      while (<$in>) {			  # PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)"
        if (m/^PRETTY_NAME="(.*)"/si) {   # PRETTY_NAME="Raspbian 10 (buster)"
          my $line = $1;

          # Annoying that "10.6" is only in /etc/debian_version and
          # /etc/os-release only contains "10". So splice that in.
          my $v1 = `cat /etc/debian_version 2>&-`;
          my ($v2, $v3) = ($v1 =~ m/^((\d+)\.\d+)\s*$/s);
          $line =~ s/\b\Q$v3\E\b/$v2/s
            if ($v2 && !($line =~ m/\b\Q$v2\E\b/si));
          $body .= "$line\n";
          $unamep = 0;
          last;
        }
      }
      close $in;
    } elsif (open ($in, "<:utf8", "/etc/lsb-release")) {
      while (<$in>) {		     # DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS"
        if (m/^DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="(.*)"/si) {
          $body .= "$1\n";
          $unamep = 0;
          last;
        }
      }
      close $in;
    } elsif (-f "/etc/system-release") {    # "CentOS Linux release 7.7 (Core)"
      $body .= `cat /etc/system-release`;
    } elsif (-f "/etc/redhat-release") {    # "Fedora Core release 4 (Stentz)"
      $body .= `cat /etc/redhat-release`;
    } elsif (-f "/etc/SuSE-release") { 	    # "SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 11"
      $body .= `head -1 /etc/SuSE-release`;
    } elsif (-f "/etc/release") {    	    # "Solaris 10 3/05 s10_74L2a X86"
      $body .= `head -1 /etc/release`;
    } elsif (-f "/usr/sbin/system_profiler") {   # "Mac OS X 10.4.5 (8H14)"
      my $sp =
        `/usr/sbin/system_profiler SPSoftwareDataType SPHardwareDataType 2>&-`;
      my ($v) = ($sp =~ m/^\s*System Version:\s*(.*)$/mi);
      my ($s) = ($sp =~ m/^\s*(?:CPU|Processor) Speed:\s*(.*)$/mi);
      my ($c) = ($sp =~ m/^\s*Chip:\s*(.*)$/mi);
      my ($o) = ($sp =~ m/^\s*Total Number of Cores:\s*(\d+)/mi);
      my ($t) = ($sp =~ m/^\s*(?:Machine|Model) Name:\s*(.*)$/mi);
      my ($m) = ($sp =~ m/^\s*Memory:\s*(.*)$/mi);
      my ($i) = ($sp =~ m/^\s*Model Identifier:\s*(.*)$/mi);

      # This file sometimes has the model-identifier to marketing-name map,
      # as displayed in "About This Mac":
      #
      #   "Macmini6,1"  =>  "Mac mini (Late 2012)"
      #   "Macmini7,1"  =>  "Mac mini (Late 2014)"
      #   "Macmini8,1"  =>  "Mac mini (Late 2018)"
      #   "Macmini9,1"  =>  no entry (should be "Mac mini M1 (2020)")
      #   "Mac13,2"     =>  no entry (should be "Mac Studio (2022)")
      #
      # The model name from "system_profiler" omits the year of release,
      # as does "ioreg -arc IOPlatformDevice -k product-name".
      #
      if ($i) {
        my $f2 = "/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks/" .
                 "ServerInformation.framework/Versions/A/Resources/" .
                 "en.lproj/SIMachineAttributes.plist";
        $f2 =~ s@/en\.lproj@/English.lproj@ unless -f ($f2);
        if (-f $f2) {
          my $s2 = `defaults read '$f2' '$i' 2>&-`;
          $t = $1 if ($s2 =~ m/marketingModel\s*=\s*"(.*?)"/s);
        }
      }

      $c =~ s/^Apple //s if $c;
      $c .= " $o core" if ($c && $o);
      $t .= ", $c" if $c;
      $t .= ", $m" if $t;
      $body .= "$v\n" if ($v);
      $body .= "$s $t\n" if ($s && $t);
      $body .= "$t\n" if (!$s && $t);
      $unamep = !defined ($v);
    }

    $body =~ s@ GNU/Linux @ @;		    # Line is too long for "gltext"
    $body .= `uname -sr` if ($unamep);	    # "Linux 2.6.15-1.1831_FC4"

    # If /bin/lscpu exists, we can get some details about the hardware
    # we're running on.  This info also exists in various /proc/ files,
    # but if /proc/ exists, lscpu probably exists as well.
    #
    $ENV{LANGUAGE} = 'en_US';  # If lscpu prints Japanese, we don't match.
    my $cpu = `lscpu 2>&-`;
    if ($cpu) {
      my ($model) = ($cpu =~ m/^Model name:\s*(.*)$/mi);
     #my ($arch)  = ($cpu =~ m/^Architecture:\s*(.*)$/mi);
      my ($speed) = ($cpu =~ m/^CPU max MHz:\s*(.*)$/mi);
         ($speed) = ($cpu =~ m/^CPU MHz:\s*(.*)$/mi) unless $speed;
      my ($speed_ghz) = ($cpu =~ m/^Model name.*CPU @ \s*(.*)GHz$/mi);
      if ($speed_ghz) {
        $speed = sprintf("%.1fGHz", $speed_ghz);
      } elsif ($speed && $speed >= 1000) {
        $speed = sprintf("%.1fGHz", $speed/1000);
      } elsif ($speed) {
        $speed = sprintf("%.1fMHz", $speed);
      }

      # This file seems to be ARM-specific.  It gives us the better string
      # "Raspberry Pi 4 Model B Rev 1.4" whereas lscpu gives us "Cortex-A72".
      my $model2 = `cat /proc/device-tree/model 2>&-`;
      $model2 =~ s/[\n\000].*$//s;
      $model = $model2 if $model2;

      # Abbreviate stupidly verbose marketing nonsense like:
      # "Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E3-1275 v5 @ 3.60GHz" and
      # "11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-1165G7 @ 2.80GHz"
      $model =~ s/\s*\@.*//gs;			  # GHz
      $model =~ s/\s*\((R|TM)\)//gs;		  # So useful!
      $model =~ s/\s*\b(CPU|Processor)\b//gsi;	  # It is? Really?
      $model =~ s/\b\d+[a-z]+ gen //gsi;	  # Nth Gen

      # Line is too long for gltext:
      # "Raspberry Pi 4 Model B Rev 1.4" -> "Pi 4b r1.4"
      $model =~ s@\bRaspberry\b@@si;
      $model =~ s@ Model ([A-Z\d]+)@\L$1@si;
      $model =~ s@ Rev\.? @ r@si;

      # Maybe we can tell how much RAM is installed.
      my $ram = `cat /proc/meminfo 2>&-`;
      if ($ram && $ram =~ m/^Memtotal:\s+(\d+)/mi) {
        $ram = $1;
        if    ($ram >= 1024*1024) { $ram = sprintf("%.0fGB", $ram/1024/1024); }
        elsif ($ram >= 1024) { $ram = sprintf("%.0fMB", $ram/1024); }
        else { $ram = sprintf("%.0fKB", $ram); }
      }

      $body .= "$speed"  if $speed;
      $body .= " $model" if $model;
     #$body .= " $arch"  if $arch;
      $body .= " $ram"   if $ram;
      $body .= "\n";
    }

    $body =~ s/[ \t]+/ /gm;
    $body =~ s/^ | $//gm;

    $body .= "\n";
    $body .= strftime ('%c', localtime);
    $body .= "\n";

    my $ut = `uptime`;
    $ut =~ s/^[ \d:]*(am|pm)? *//i;
    $ut =~ s/,\s*(load)/\n$1/;
    $body .= "$ut\n";

    if ($truncate_lines) {
      $body =~ s/^(([^\n]*\n){$truncate_lines}).*$/$1/s;
    }

    print STDOUT $body;
  }
}


# Make an educated guess as to what's in this document.
# We don't necessarily take the Content-Type header at face value.
# Returns 'html', 'rss', or 'text';
#
sub guess_content_type($$) {
  my ($ct, $body) = @_;

  $body =~ s/^(.{512}).*/$1/s;  # only look in first half K of file

  if ($ct =~ m@^text/.*html@i)          { return 'html'; }
  if ($ct =~ m@\b(atom|rss|xml)\b@i)    { return 'rss';  }

  if ($body =~ m@^\s*<\?xml@is)         { return 'rss';  }
  if ($body =~ m@^\s*<!DOCTYPE RSS@is)  { return 'rss';  }
  if ($body =~ m@^\s*<!DOCTYPE HTML@is) { return 'html'; }

  if ($body =~ m@<(BASE|HTML|HEAD|BODY|SCRIPT|STYLE|TABLE|A\s+HREF)\b@i) {
    return 'html';
  }

  if ($body =~ m@<(RSS|CHANNEL|GENERATOR|DESCRIPTION|CONTENT|FEED|ENTRY)\b@i) {
    return 'rss';
  }

  return 'text';
}


sub reformat_html($$) {
  my ($body, $rss_p) = @_;
  $_ = $body;

  # In HTML, try to preserve newlines inside of PRE.
  #
  if (! $rss_p) {
    s@(<PRE\b[^<>]*>\s*)(.*?)(</PRE)@{
      my ($a, $b, $c) = ($1, $2, $3);
      $b =~ s/[\r\n]/<BR>/gs;
      $a . $b . $c;
     }@gsexi;
  }

  if (! $rss_p) {
    # In HTML, unfold lines.
    # In RSS, assume \n means literal line break.
    s@[\r\n]@ @gsi;
  }

  # This right here is the part where I doom us all to inhuman
  # toil for the One whose Name cannot be expressed in the
  # Basic Multilingual Plane. http://jwz.org/b/yhAT He comes.

  s@<!--.*?-->@@gsi;				 # lose comments
  s@<(STYLE|SCRIPT)\b[^<>]*>.*?</\1\s*>@@gsi;    # lose css and js

  s@</?(BR|TR|TD|LI|DIV)\b[^<>]*>@\n@gsi; # line break at BR, TD, DIV, etc
  s@</?(P|UL|OL|BLOCKQUOTE)\b[^<>]*>@\n\n@gsi; # two line breaks

  s@<lj\s+user=\"?([^<>\"]+)\"?[^<>]*>?@$1@gsi;  # handle <LJ USER=>
  s@</?[BI]>@*@gsi;		                 # bold, italic => asterisks


  s@<[^<>]*>?@@gs;                # lose all other HTML tags
  $_ = de_entify ($_);            # convert HTML entities

  # For Wikipedia: delete anything inside {{ }} and unwrap [[tags]],
  # among other things.
  #
  if ($rss_p eq 'wiki') {

    s@<!--.*?-->@@gsi;				 # lose HTML comments again

    # Creation line is often truncated: screws up parsing with unbalanced {{.
    s@(: +[^a-zA-Z ]* *Created page) with [^\n]+@$1@s;

    s@/\*.*?\*/@@si;				   # /* ... */

    # Try to omit all tables, since they're impossible to read as text.
    #
    1 while (s/\{\{[^{}]*}}/ /gs);		   # {{ ... }}
    1 while (s/\{\|.*?\|\}/\n\n/gs);		   # {| ... |}
    1 while (s/\|-.*?\|/ /gs);			   # |- ... |  (table cell)

    # Convert anchors to something more readable.
    #
    s/\[\[([^\[\]\|]+)\|([^\[\]]+)\]\]/$2/gs;	   # [[link|anchor]]
    s/\[\[([^:\[\]\|]+)\]\]/$1/gs;		   # [[anchor]]
    s/\[https?:[^\[\]\s]+\s+([^\[\]]+)\]/$1/gs;	   # [url anchor]

    # Convert all references to asterisks.
    s@\s*<ref>\s*.*?</ref>@*@gs;		   # <ref> ... <ref> ->  "*"
    s@\n[ \t]*\d+\s*\^\s*http[^\s]+[ \t]*\n@\n@gs; # 1 ^ URL (a Reflist)

    s@\[\[File:([^\|\]]+).*?\]\]@\n$1\n@gs;	  # [[File: X | ... ]]
    s@\[\[Category:.*?\]\]@@gs;			  # omit categories

    s/<[^<>]*>//gs;	# Omit all remaining tags
    s/\'{3,}//gs;	# Omit ''' and ''''
    s/\'\'/\"/gs;	# ''  ->  "
    s/\`\`/\"/gs;	# ``  ->  "
    s/\"\"+/\"/gs;	# ""  ->  "

    s/^[ \t]*[*#]+[ \t]*$//gm;	# Omit lines with just * or # on them

    # Omit trailing headlines with no text after them (e.g. == Notes ==)
    1 while (s/\n==+[ \t]*[^\n=]+[ \t]*==+\s*$/\n/s);

    $_ = de_entify ($_);            # convert HTML entities, again
  }


  # elide any remaining non-Latin1 binary data.
  if ($latin1_p) {
    utf8::encode ($_);  # Unpack Unicode back to multi-byte UTF-8.
    s/([^\000-\176]+(\s*[^\000-\176]+)[^a-z\d]*)/\xAB...\xBB /g;
  }

  $_ .= "\n";

  s/[ \t]+$//gm;                  # lose whitespace at end of line
  s@\n\n\n+@\n\n@gs;              # compress blank lines

  if (!defined($wrap_columns) || $wrap_columns > 0) {
    # Text::Wrap sometimes dies with "This shouldn't happen" if columns
    # is small, but not in any predictable way.
    # Also there's a chance it might not be installed.
    eval {
      $Text::Wrap::columns = ($wrap_columns || 72);
      $Text::Wrap::break = '[\s/|]';  # wrap on slashes for URLs

      $_ = wrap ("", "  ", $_);     # wrap the lines as a paragraph
      s/[ \t]+$//gm;                # lose whitespace at end of line again
    };
  }

  s/^\n+//gs;

  if ($truncate_lines) {
    s/^(([^\n]*\n){$truncate_lines}).*$/$1/s;
  }

  $_ = utf8_to_latin1($_) if ($latin1_p);
  y/A-Za-z/N-ZA-Mn-za-m/ if ($nyarlathotep_p);

  return $_;
}


sub reformat_rss($) {
  my ($body) = @_;

  my $wiki_p = ($body =~ m@<generator>[^<>]*Wiki@si);

  $body =~ s/(<(ITEM|ENTRY)\b)/\001\001$1/gsi;
  my @items = split (/\001\001/, $body);

  print STDERR "$progname: converting RSS ($#items items)...\n"
    if ($verbose > 2);

  shift @items;

  # Let's skip forward in the stream by a random amount, so that if
  # two copies of ljlatest are running at the same time (e.g., on a
  # multi-headed machine), they get different text.  (Put the items
  # that we take off the front back on the back.)
  #
  if ($#items > 7) {
    my $n = int (rand ($#items - 5));
    print STDERR "$progname: rotating by $n items...\n" if ($verbose > 2);
    while ($n-- > 0) {
      push @items, (shift @items);
    }
  }

  my $out = '';

  my $i = -1;
  foreach (@items) {
    $i++;

    my ($title, $author, $body1, $body2, $body3);
    
    $title = $3 if (m@<((TITLE)       [^<>\s]*)[^<>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</\1>@xsi);
    $author= $3 if (m@<((DC:CREATOR)  [^<>\s]*)[^<>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</\1>@xsi);
    $body1 = $3 if (m@<((DESCRIPTION) [^<>\s]*)[^<>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</\1>@xsi);
    $body2 = $3 if (m@<((CONTENT)     [^<>\s]*)[^<>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</\1>@xsi);
    $body3 = $3 if (m@<((SUMMARY)     [^<>\s]*)[^<>]*>\s*(.*?)\s*</\1>@xsi);

    # If there are both <description> and <content> or <content:encoded>,
    # use whichever one contains more text.
    #
    if ($body3 && length($body3) >= length($body2 || '')) {
      $body2 = $body3;
    }
    if ($body2 && length($body2) >= length($body1 || '')) {
      $body1 = $body2;
    }

    if (! $body1) {
      if ($title) {
        print STDERR "$progname: no body in item $i (\"$title\")\n"
          if ($verbose > 2);
      } else {
        print STDERR "$progname: no body or title in item $i\n"
          if ($verbose > 2);
        next;
      }
    }

    $title = rss_field_to_html ($title || '');
    $author= rss_field_to_html ($author || '');
    $body1 = rss_field_to_html ($body1 || '');

    $title = '' if ($body1 eq $title);  # Identical in Twitter's atom feed.

    # Omit author if it's in the title or body
    $author = '' if ($author &&
                     ($title =~ m/\Q$author\E/si ||
                      $body1 =~ m/\Q$author\E/si));

    $title = $author if ($author && !$title);
    $title = "$author: $title" if ($author && $title);

    $out .= reformat_html ("$title<P>$body1", $wiki_p ? 'wiki' : 'rss');
    $out .= "\n";
  }

  if ($truncate_lines) {
    $out =~ s/^(([^\n]*\n){$truncate_lines}).*$/$1/s;
  }

  return $out;
}


sub rss_field_to_html($) {
  my ($body) = @_;

  # If <![CDATA[...]]> is present, everything inside that is HTML,
  # and not double-encoded.
  #
  if ($body =~ m/^\s*<!\[CDATA\[(.*?)\]\s*\]/is) {
    $body = $1;
  } else {
    $body = de_entify ($body);      # convert entities to get HTML from XML
  }

  return $body;
}


sub reformat_text($) {
  my ($body) = @_;

  # only re-wrap if --cols was specified.  Otherwise, dump it as is.
  #
  if ($wrap_columns && $wrap_columns > 0) {
    print STDERR "$progname: wrapping at $wrap_columns...\n" if ($verbose > 2);

    # Text::Wrap sometimes dies with "This shouldn't happen" if columns
    # is small, but not in any predictable way.
    # Also there's a chance it might not be installed.
    eval {
      $Text::Wrap::columns = $wrap_columns;
      $Text::Wrap::break = '[\s/]';  # wrap on slashes for URLs

      $body = wrap ("", "", $body);
      $body =~ s/[ \t]+$//gm;
    };
  }

  if ($truncate_lines) {
    $body =~ s/^(([^\n]*\n){$truncate_lines}).*$/$1/s;
  }

  $body = utf8_to_latin1($body) if ($latin1_p);
  $body =~ y/A-Za-z/N-ZA-Mn-za-m/ if ($nyarlathotep_p);
  return $body;
}


# Figure out what the proxy server should be, either from environment
# variables or by parsing the output of the (MacOS) program "scutil",
# which tells us what the system-wide proxy settings are.
#
sub set_proxy($) {
  my ($ua) = @_;

  my $proxy_data = `scutil --proxy 2>/dev/null`;
  foreach my $proto ('http', 'https') {
    my ($server) = ($proxy_data =~ m/\b${proto}Proxy\s*:\s*([^\s]+)/si);
    my ($port)   = ($proxy_data =~ m/\b${proto}Port\s*:\s*([^\s]+)/si);
    my ($enable) = ($proxy_data =~ m/\b${proto}Enable\s*:\s*([^\s]+)/si);

    if ($server && $enable) {
      # Note: this ignores the "ExceptionsList".
      my $proto2 = 'http';
      $ENV{"${proto}_proxy"} = ("${proto2}://" . $server .
                                ($port ? ":$port" : "") . "/");
      print STDERR "$progname: MacOS $proto proxy: " .
                   $ENV{"${proto}_proxy"} . "\n"
        if ($verbose > 2);
    }
  }

  $ua->env_proxy();
}


sub get_url_text($) {
  my ($url) = @_;

  my $ua = eval 'LWP::UserAgent->new';

  if (! $ua) {
    print STDOUT ("\n\tPerl is broken. Do this to repair it:\n" .
                  "\n\tsudo cpan LWP::UserAgent" .
                  " LWP::Protocol::https Mozilla::CA\n\n");
    return;
  }

  # Half the time, random Linux systems don't have Mozilla::CA installed,
  # which results in "Can't verify SSL peers without knowning which
  # Certificate Authorities to trust".
  #
  # I'm going to take a controversial stand here and say that, for the
  # purposes of plain-text being displayed in a screen saver via RSS,
  # the chances of a certificate-based man-in-the-middle attack having
  # a malicious effect on anyone anywhere at any time is so close to
  # zero that it can be discounted.  So, just don't bother validating
  # SSL connections.
  #
  $ENV{'PERL_LWP_SSL_VERIFY_HOSTNAME'} = 0;
  eval {
    $ua->ssl_opts (verify_hostname => 0, SSL_verify_mode => 0);
  };


  set_proxy ($ua);
  $ua->agent ("$progname/$version");
  my $res = $ua->get ($url);
  my $body;
  my $ct;

  if ($res && $res->is_success) {
    $body = $res->decoded_content || '';
    $ct   = $res->header ('Content-Type') || 'text/plain';

  } else {
    my $err = ($res ? $res->status_line : '') || '';
    $err = 'unknown error' unless $err;
    $err = "$url: $err";
    # error ($err);
    $body = "Error loading URL $err\n\n";
    $ct = 'text/plain';
  }

  # This is not necessary, since HTTP::Message::decoded_content() has
  # already done 'decode (<charset-header>, $body)'.
  # utf8::decode ($body);  # Pack multi-byte UTF-8 back into wide chars.

  $ct = guess_content_type ($ct, $body);
  if ($ct eq 'html') {
    print STDERR "$progname: converting HTML...\n" if ($verbose > 2);
    $body = reformat_html ($body, 0);
  } elsif ($ct eq 'rss')  {
    $body = reformat_rss ($body);
  } else {
    print STDERR "$progname: plain text...\n" if ($verbose > 2);
    $body = reformat_text ($body);
  }
  print STDOUT $body;
}



sub error($) {
  my ($err) = @_;
  print STDERR "$progname: $err\n";
  exit 1;
}

sub usage() {
  print STDERR "usage: $progname [ --options ... ]\n" .
   ("\n" .
    "       Prints out some text for use by various screensavers,\n" .
    "       according to the options in the ~/.xscreensaver file.\n" .
    "       This may dump the contents of a file, run a program,\n" .
    "       or load a URL.\n".
    "\n" .
    "   Options:\n" .
    "\n" .
    "       --date           Print the host name and current time.\n" .
    "\n" .
    "       --text STRING    Print out the given text.  It may contain %\n" .
    "                        escape sequences as per strftime(2).\n" .
    "\n" .
    "       --file PATH      Print the contents of the given file.\n" .
    "                        If --cols is specified, re-wrap the lines;\n" .
    "                        otherwise, print them as-is.\n" .
    "\n" .
    "       --program CMD    Run the given program and print its output.\n" .
    "                        If --cols is specified, re-wrap the output.\n" .
    "\n" .
    "       --url HTTP-URL   Download and print the contents of the HTTP\n" .
    "                        document.  If it contains HTML, RSS, or Atom,\n" .
    "                        it will be converted to plain-text.\n" .
    "\n" .
    "       --cols N         Wrap lines at this column.  Default 72.\n" .
    "\n" .
    "       --lines N        No more than N lines of output.\n" .
    "\n" .
    "       --latin1         Emit Latin1 instead of UTF-8.\n" .
    "\n");
  exit 1;
}

sub main() {

  my $load_p = 1;
  my $cocoa_id = undef;

  # Some time between perl 5.16.3 and 5.28.3, invoking a script with >&-
  # started writing "Unable to flush stdout: Bad file descriptor" to stderr
  # at exit. So if stdout is closed, open it as /dev/null instead.
  #
  # And then 5.36 changed STDOUT to :utf8 by default.
  # "syswrite() isn't allowed on :utf8 handles".
  #
  binmode (STDOUT, ':raw');
  open (STDOUT, '>', '/dev/null')
    if (! defined (syswrite (STDOUT, "")));  # undef if fd closed; 0 if open.

  my @oargv = @ARGV;
  while ($#ARGV >= 0) {
    $_ = shift @ARGV;
    if ($_ eq "--verbose") { $verbose++; }
    elsif (m/^-v+$/) { $verbose += length($_)-1; }
    elsif (m/^--?date$/)    { $text_mode = 'date';
                              $load_p = 0; }
    elsif (m/^--?text$/)    { $text_mode = 'literal';
                              $text_literal = shift @ARGV || '';
                              $text_literal =~ s@\\n@\n@gs;
                              $text_literal =~ s@\\\n@\n@gs;
                              $load_p = 0; }
    elsif (m/^--?file$/)    { $text_mode = 'file';
                              $text_file = shift @ARGV || '';
                              $load_p = 0; }
    elsif (m/^--?program$/) { $text_mode = 'program';
                              $text_program = shift @ARGV || '';
                              $load_p = 0; }
    elsif (m/^--?url$/)     { $text_mode = 'url';
                              $text_url = shift @ARGV || '';
                              $load_p = 0; }
    elsif (m/^--?col(umn)?s?$/) { $wrap_columns = 0 + shift @ARGV; }
    elsif (m/^--?lines?$/)  { $truncate_lines = 0 + shift @ARGV; }
    elsif (m/^--?cocoa$/)   { $cocoa_id = shift @ARGV; }
    elsif (m/^--?latin1$/)  { $latin1_p++; }
    elsif (m/^--?nyarlathotep$/) { $nyarlathotep_p++; }
    elsif (m/^-./) { usage; }
    else { usage; }
  }

  print STDERR "$progname: args: @oargv\n" if ($verbose > 1);

  if (!defined ($cocoa_id)) {
    # see OSX/XScreenSaverView.m
    $cocoa_id = $ENV{XSCREENSAVER_CLASSPATH};
  }

  print STDERR "$progname: Cocoa ID: $cocoa_id\n"
    if ($verbose > 1 && $cocoa_id);

  if ($load_p) {
    if (defined ($cocoa_id)) {
      get_cocoa_prefs($cocoa_id);
    } else {
      get_x11_prefs();
    }
  }

  output();


  if (defined ($cocoa_id)) {
    #
    # On MacOS, sleep for 10 seconds between when the last output is
    # printed, and when this process exits.  This is because MacOS
    # 10.5.0 and later broke ptys in a new and exciting way: basically,
    # once the process at the end of the pty exits, you have exactly
    # 1 second to read all the queued data off the pipe before it is
    # summarily flushed.
    #
    # Many of the screen savers were written to depend on being able
    # to read a small number of bytes, and continue reading until they
    # reached EOF.  This is no longer possible.
    #
    # Note that the current MacOS behavior has all four of these
    # awesome properties: 1) Inconvenient; 2) Has no sane workaround;
    # 3) Different behavior than MacOS 10.1 through 10.4; and 4)
    # Different behavior than every other Unix in the world.
    #
    # See http://jwz.org/b/DHke, and for those of you inside Apple,
    # "Problem ID 5606018".
    #
    # One workaround would be to rewrite the savers to have an
    # internal buffer, and always read as much data as possible as
    # soon as a pipe has input available.  However, that's a lot more
    # work, so instead, let's just not exit right away, and hope that
    # 10 seconds is enough.
    #
    # This will solve the problem for invocations of xscreensaver-text
    # that produce little output (e.g., date-mode); and won't solve it
    # in cases where a large amount of text is generated in a short
    # amount of time (e.g., url-mode.)
    #
    my $secs = 10;
    $secs = 1 if (($truncate_lines || 0) < 10);  # for 'gltext'
    sleep ($secs);
  }
}

main();
exit 0;
