STRPTIME(3)

NAME
strptime - parse date and time string

LIBRARY
libc

SYNOPSIS
#include <time.h>
char *
strptime(const char * restrict buf, const char * restrict format, struct tm * restrict timeptr);
#include <time.h>
#include <xlocale.h>
char *
strptime_l(const char * restrict buf, const char * restrict format, struct tm * restrict timeptr, locale_t loc);

DESCRIPTION
The strptime() function parses the string in the buffer buf according to the string pointed to by format, and fills in the elements of the structure pointed to by timeptr. The resulting values will be relative to the local time zone. Thus, it can be considered the reverse operation of strftime(3). The strptime_l() function does the same as strptime(), but takes an explicit locale rather than using the current locale.

The format string consists of zero or more conversion specifications and ordinary characters. All ordinary characters are matched exactly with the buffer, where white space in the format string will match any amount of white space in the buffer. All conversion specifications are identical to those described in strftime(3).

Two-digit year values, including formats %y and %D, are now interpreted as beginning at 1969 per POSIX requirements. Years 69-00 are interpreted in the 20th century (1969-2000), years 01-68 in the 21st century (2001-2068). Four-digit year values in %Y specifier are interpreted as days since year 1900 as per POSIX requirements. The %U and %W format specifiers accept any value within the range 00 to 53.

The time zone %z format specifier accepts both RFC 822 (+hhmm) and ISO 8601 (+hhmm +hh:mm +hh Z) standard time zone formats. The -00, -00:00, -0000 time zone values are also accepted as per RFC 3339.

If the format string does not contain enough conversion specifications to completely specify the resulting struct tm, the unspecified members of timeptr are left untouched. For example, if format is “%H:%M:%S”, only tm_hour, tm_sec and tm_min will be modified. If time relative to today is desired, initialize the timeptr structure with today's date before passing it to strptime().

RETURN VALUES
Upon successful completion, strptime() returns the pointer to the first character in buf that has not been required to satisfy the specified conversions in format. It returns NULL if one of the conversions failed. strptime_l() returns the same values as strptime().

SEE ALSO
date(1), scanf(3), strftime(3)

HISTORY
The strptime() function appeared in FreeBSD 3.0.

AUTHORS
The strptime() function has been contributed by Powerdog Industries.

This man page was written by Jörg Wunsch.

BUGS
Both the %e and %l format specifiers may incorrectly scan one too many digits if the intended values comprise only a single digit and that digit is followed immediately by another digit. Both specifiers accept zero-padded values, even though they are both defined as taking unpadded values.

The %p format specifier has no effect unless it is parsed after hour-related specifiers. Specifying %l without %p will produce undefined results. Note that 12AM (ante meridiem) is taken as midnight and 12PM (post meridiem) is taken as noon.

The %Z format specifier only accepts time zone abbreviations of the local time zone, or the value "GMT". This limitation is because of ambiguity due to of the over loading of time zone abbreviations. One such example is EST which is both Eastern Standard Time and Eastern Australia Summer Time.

The strptime() function does not correctly handle multibyte characters in the format argument.